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CARDOL®
Antihypertensive
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COMPOSITION
Each
tablet contains 100 mg atenolol
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PROPERTIES
CARDOL
(atenolol) is a selective B1 adrenergic receptor blocking agent
(cardioselective) without membrane stabilizing or intrinsic sympathomimetic
activities. CARDOL, given as a single daily dose, is an effective
antihypertensive agent. CARDOL generally reduces the oxygen requirements
of the heart at any given level of effort, making it useful for
the long term management of angina pectoris. In acute myocardial
infarction, atenolol may reduce early mortality after intravenous
and subsequent oral administration; the incidence of ventricular
arrhythmias is decreased with marked pain relief. Absorption of
atenolol following dosing is rapid and consistent but incomplete
(40 - 50 %) with peak plasma concentration occurring 2-4 hours after
oral dosing. There is no significant hepatic metabolism of atenolol
and more than 90% of that absorbed reaches the systemic circulation
unaltered, the plasma half-life is about 6 hours but this may rise
in severe renal impairment since the kidney is the major route of
elimination.
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INDICATIONS
-
Control of Essential Hypertension.
- Management of Angina Pectoris.
- Myocardial Infarction long-term prophylaxis after recovery.
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DOSAGE
AND ADMINISTRATION
Hypertension
: 1/2-1 tablet daily (50 - 100mg) given orally as a single dose.
The effect will be fully established after 1-2 Weeks. Angina -1
tablet (100 mg) daily given as a single dose. Arrhythmia- Oral maintenance
dosage is 1/2-1 tablet (50- 100mg) daily given as a single dose.
Myocardial infarction - Late intervention after myocardial infarction:
For patients who present some days after suffering from an acute
myocardial infarction, an oral dose of CARDOL 1 tablet (100 mg)
daily is recommended for long-term prophylaxis.
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CONTRAINDICATIONS
CARDOL
is contraindicated in the presence of second or third degree heart
block, cardiogenic shock, and overt heart failure.
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PRECAUTIONS
Dosage
requirement may be reduced especially in elderly patients with impaired
renal function. Patients on haemodialysis should be given 1/2 tablet
(50 mg) orally after each dialysis, this should be done under hospital
supervision as marked drop in blood pressure can occur. Special
care should be taken with patients whose cardiac reserve is poor.
However, it may be used in patients whose signs of failure have
been controlled. In patients with chronic obstructive airways disease
it should be used with caution, this can be reversed by the commonly
used bronchodialators like salbutamol. In patients suffering from
ischaemic heart disease as with other beta-blocking agents, treatment
should not be discontinued abruptly. Care should be taken in prescribing
a beta adrenoceptor blocking drug with Class 1 anti-arrhythmic agent
such as disopyramide, also in combination with verapamil. Pregnancy
and lactation: CARDOL (atenolol) has been used effectively under
close supervision for the treatment of hypertension in third trimester
of pregnancy. Caution should be exercised when CARDOL is used by
nursing mothers.
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SIDE
EFFECTS
In
clinical studies, the side effects reported are usually attributed
to its pharmacological actions and include coldness of the extremities,
muscular fatigue, and in isolated cases, bradycardia. Atenolol concentration
in brain tissues is low due to its low lipid solubility and therefore,
compared to other beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs, sleep disturbance
is of rare incidence. Low incidence of skin rash and /or dry eyes
have been reported and in most cases, the symptoms have cleared
when treatment was withdrawn.
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PRESENTATIONS
CARDOL is available
in 100 mg tablets in hospital packs of 1000's.
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